Internal medicine's specialty of cardiology is dedicated to treating cardiac conditions. Congenital heart defects, coronary artery disease, electrophysiology, heart failure, and valvular heart disease are among the issues it addresses in terms of diagnosis and therapy. Cardiology has several subspecialties, including cardiac electrophysiology, nuclear cardiology, interventional cardiology, and echocardiography. Coronary circulation, or the basic operation of the cardiovascular system, refers to how the heart processes oxygen and nutrients in the blood. Coronary arteries and coronary veins make up the circulatory system. Cardiology is a branch of medicine that deals with and studies a variety of circulatory system problems. Acute coronary syndrome, which includes a wide range of myocardial infarction symptoms, is one of them. Other prevalent diseases include angina pectoris, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, and restenosis. Cardiology disorders can be categorized more broadly as follows: cardiac arrest; disorders of the myocardium, or the heart's muscle; types of pericarditis; disorders of the pericardium, or the heart's outer lining; disorders of the aortic valve; mitral valve; pulmonary valve; and tricuspid valve; and congenital heart defects, which range from atrial septal defect to venous insufficiency.
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