Diabetes is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. In Type 1 diabetes, the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. This autoimmune response is believed to be triggered by genetic predisposition and possibly environmental factors, such as viral infections. Type 2 diabetes, the most common form, is primarily caused by insulin resistance, where the body's cells do not respond effectively to insulin. Factors contributing to insulin resistance include obesity, physical inactivity, poor diet, and genetic predisposition. Gestational diabetes is caused by hormonal changes during pregnancy that affect insulin sensitivity. Diabetes education programs and support groups provide valuable resources and emotional support, helping patients cope with the daily challenges of living with diabetes. Healthcare providers play a key role in educating patients and offering guidance on managing their conditions effectively. By empowering patients with knowledge and support, they can take an active role in their diabetes care and improve their quality of life.
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