Diabetes mellitus, or diabetes, is a metabolic disease marked by severe blood sugar levels. Insulin transports sugar from the bloodstream into your cells, where it is stored or used for energy. Your body either doesn't generate enough insulin or can't use the insulin it does make efficiently if you have diabetes. Diabetes-related elevated blood sugar can harm your nerves, eyes, kidneys, and other organs if left untreated. Diabetes is divided into several types: Diabetes type 1 is an autoimmune illness. In the pancreas, where insulin is produced, the immune system attacks and destroys cells. It is unknown what is causing this attack. This kind of diabetes affects about 10% of diabetics. When your body develops resistance to insulin, sugar builds up in your blood, resulting in type 2 diabetes. When your blood sugar level is greater than normal but not high enough to be diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, you have prediabetes. High blood sugar during pregnancy is known as gestational diabetes. This kind of diabetes is caused by the placenta's production of insulin-blocking substances. Although it has a similar name, diabetes insipidus is an uncommon illness that is unrelated to diabetes mellitus. It's a separate condition in which your kidneys drain an excessive amount of fluid from your body. The symptoms, causes, and therapies for each form of diabetes are different. Doctors use a variety of drugs to manage diabetes. Some of these medications are given orally, while others are administered via injection.
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